Smoke Detectors in Doctors Sleep Rooms

What code requires smoke detection in doctors sleep rooms?

Every space within a structure is part of some occupancy.  Which occupancy is dependent upon how the space is used.  See the definition of occupancy in section 3.3.134. 

3.3.134 Occupancy. The purpose for which a building or other structure, or part thereof, is used or intended to be used.

Occupancies where people sleep overnight are residential occupancies. See section3.3.134.12. 

3.3.134.12* Occupancy Residential. An occupancy that provides sleeping accommodations for purposes other than health care or detention and correctional.

The person in the on-call room is not a patient.  Therefore, on-call rooms are classified as a Lodging or Rooming House occupancy which is defined as follows:

3.3.120 Lodging or Rooming House. A building or portion thereof that does not qualify as a one- or two-family dwelling, that provides sleeping accommodations for a total of 16 or fewer people on a transient or permanent basis, without personal care services, with or without meals, but without separate cooking facilities for individual occupants.

Note that an on-call room fits under the definition of Lodging & Rooming and no other.  Also note that some code users might contend that on-call rooms can be considered “incidental” to another occupancy and therefore subject to the provisions of the primary occupancy in which they reside.  This is incorrect.  I direct you to the requirements and restrictions for “incidental” occupancies in the exception to section 6.1.14.2 where all residential occupancies are specifically prohibited from classification as an “incidental” occupancy.  That said, Lodging & Rooming section 26.2.2.5 requires all sleeping rooms to be equipped with smoke alarms NOT smoke detectors.